老龄化背景下农村空巢老人养老问题研究——以陇南市为例
Research on Old-Age Support for Rural Empty-Nesters under the Background of Aging—A Case Study of Longnan City

随着我国人口老龄化和城市化的快速发展，以及在现代养老观念的冲击下，致使我国传统的家庭养老模式逐渐瓦解，农村空巢老人数量越来越多，我国农村地区空巢老人面临的养老问题越来越严峻。本文以甘肃省陇南市农村空巢老人为研究对象，通过对养老现状、养老需求、社会保障等方面进行综合对比研究。通过调查发现，空巢老人普遍面临着孤独，精神慰藉缺失、经济困难等问题，同时缺乏有效的社会支持和养老服务供给。从老年人实际养老需求出发，健全农村养老服务体系和加强社会支持、强化养老服务供给等方面入手，多措并举，多元主体共同发力，为农村“空巢老人”筑起养老保障安全网，为改善农村空巢老人的养老问题提供建议。
With the rapid development of China’s aging population and urbanization, and the impact of modern pension concept, the traditional family pension model disintegrates. More and more empty-nesters in rural areas are facing pension problems that become more and more severe. This paper takes the rural empty-nesters in Longnan City of Gansu Province as the research object, and conducts a comprehensive and comparative study on the status quo of pension, demand for pension and social security. Through the investigation, it is found that empty nesters are generally faced with loneliness, lack of spiritual comfort, economic difficulties and other problems, and lack of effective social support and elderly care service supply. Starting from the actual needs of the elderly, improving the rural elderly service system, strengthening social support, and strengthening the supply of elderly services, multiple measures are taken at the same time, and multiple subjects work together to build a safety net for the elderly in rural “empty-nesters” and provide suggestions for improving the elderly in rural areas.