《庄子养生主》生死观探析——以秦失吊老聃为例
An Analysis on the View of Life and Death in Nourishing the Lord of Life of Zhuangzi —A Case Study of Qinshi Condoling Laodan

《养生主》全文572字，为庄字内七篇中篇幅最短的一篇，但其重要性不容忽视。此篇以“缘督以为经”立养生之论，以“庖丁解牛”明道技之理，以“公文轩见右师”论天命之旨，以“秦失吊老聃”阐生死之观，以“薪火相传”言形神之续。篇中寓言所演化的成语，诸如庖丁解牛、目无全牛、技经肯綮、游刃有余、踌躇满志、薪火相传等，皆流传于世。而“秦失吊老聃”一则，乃庄子生死观之典型，历来注解版本纷繁多样，名家释义众说纷纭。庄子以为，生死者，自然之道之所生，终将复归于道也。生死之变，如春夏秋冬之循环，乃自然之必然。《庄子》中所言皆是生死乃自然之理，非人力所能干预。故庄子主张顺应自然，不以生死为念，而以达观之心待之。本文以此作为切入点，对庄子生死观进行深入探析。
The full text of “Nourishing the Lord of Life” has 572 words, which is the shortest among the seven articles in the Zhuang character, but its importance cannot be ignored. This article uses the phrase “Following the Du Meridian as the Law” to illustrate the viewpoint of health preservation. Using the phrase “dismember an ox as skillfully as a butcher” to illustrate the principles of Dao and technology. Use “Gong Wenxuan meets the Yoush” to illustrate the theme of fate. Explain the concept of life and death with the phrase “Qinshi Condoling Lao Dan”. Using “passing on the torch from generation to generation” to illustrate the continuation of form and spirit. There are many idioms in this article that have evolved into fables, such as “dismember an ox as skillfully as a butcher”, “a master butter sees through parts and joints of a cow without cutting”, “exactly cut into the mean joints of the cow”, “complete a task with ease”, “enough produce of one’s success”, “passing on the torch from generation to generation”, and so on, all of which have been passed down to the world. The fable of “Qinshi Condoling Lao Dan” is a typical representative of Zhuangzi’s view on life and death. There are many annotated versions from ancient times to the present, and many famous scholars have different interpretations of it. Zhuangzi believed that life and death arise from the natural way and will eventually return to the way. Life and death Change, like the cycle of spring, summer, autumn, and winter, is a natural inevitability. What is said in Zhuangzi is that life and death are natural laws that cannot be intervened by humans. So Zhuangzi advocates that one should follow nature and not be obsessed with life and death, but should approach life and death with an optimistic and open-minded attitude. This article takes this point as a starting point to conduct an in-depth