论胡塞尔超验现象学对“人性危机”的克服与超越
On Husserl’s Transcendental Phenomenology’s Overcoming and Transcending of the “Crisis of Humanity”

胡塞尔提出欧洲科学危机是人性危机的显露，且危机揭明了欧洲人对普遍哲学以及理性能力的怀疑。而本文所持的观点是，实证主义对人类理性能力的片面化阐释，不仅瓦解了价值与实在的问题同时也动摇了形而上学的根基。为了克服科学危机与人性危机对人之生存所带来的影响，胡塞尔认为必须回到先验意义上的生活世界，并对形而上学进行革新，即重建先验现象学。在本文中，笔者拟证明胡塞尔对自然主义与实证主义的批判的宗旨在于回归自我意向的生活并重树对人类理性能力的信仰。
Husserl proposed that the European scientific crisis is the manifestation of the crisis of humanity, and this crisis reveals the Europeans’ doubts about universal philosophy and rational ability. The view held in this paper is that the one-sided interpretation of human rational ability by positivism not only disintegrates the problems of value and reality but also shakes the foundation of metaphysics. In order to overcome the influence of the scientific crisis and the crisis of humanity on human existence, Husserl believes that it is necessary to return to the life-world in the transcendental sense and innovate metaphysics, that is, to reconstruct transcendental phenomenology. In this paper, the author intends to prove that the purpose of Husserl’s criticism of naturalism and positivism lies in returning to the self-intentional life and re-establishing the faith in human rational ability.