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Material Sciences 2024
钕铁硼永磁材料表面防护技术研究进展与展望
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Abstract:
钕铁硼作为第三代稀土永磁材料由于其优异的磁性能在国防、航空航天、信息通讯、汽车、能源、节能、环保等许多领域广泛应用。这些应用领域对磁体的性能稳定性和耐久性有着极高的要求，但是钕铁硼的抗腐蚀性能限制了其在复杂环境中的应用。文章介绍了钕铁硼的物相组成，总结了钕铁硼的腐蚀环境以及在高温湿热环境下氧化腐蚀、吸氢腐蚀、电化学腐蚀等腐蚀特征。文章进一步总结了钕铁硼表面防护技术最新的研究成果，包括采用合金化提高自身抗腐蚀性能，以及采用表面防护技术隔离腐蚀环境和基体的两种途径，最后对钕铁硼抗腐蚀性能的提升策略提出展望。
As the third-generation rare earth permanent magnet material, Nd-Fe-B is widely used in many fields such as national defense, aerospace, information and communication, automobile, energy, energy saving, environmental protection and so on due to its excellent magnetic properties. These application fields have extremely high requirements for the performance stability and durability of magnets. However, the corrosion resistance of Nd-Fe-B limits its application in complex environments. This paper introduces the phase composition of Nd-Fe-B, summarizes the corrosion environment of Nd-Fe-B and the corrosion characteristics of oxidation corrosion, hydrogen absorption corrosion and electrochemical corrosion in high temperature and humid environment. This paper further summarizes the latest research results of Nd-Fe-B surface protection technology, including the use of alloying method to improve its corrosion resistance and the use of surface protection technology to isolate corrosion environment and matrix. Finally, the strategy of improving the corrosion resistance of Nd-Fe-B in the future is prospected.
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