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基于光热有机小分子的太阳能界面蒸发技术研究进展
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Abstract:
有机小分子光热材料具有结构可控、性质易调、功能多样等优势，近年来被开发用于光热界面水蒸发领域。鉴于此，本文综述了有机小分子材料在光热界面蒸发领域的研究进展。基于有机小分子光热转化增强策略，介绍了适合于该体系的分子结构特征。基于有机小分子可构建膜基、泡沫基、水凝胶基蒸发系统，对上述三类蒸发系统进行了分析和讨论。接着概述了蒸发系统在海水淡化、污水处理、水电联产等领域的应用。最后，对当前发展进行总结并提出所面临的挑战，以期为有机小分子基界面蒸发系统的设计和开发提供参考和借鉴。
The photothermal organic small molecules have advantages such as controllable structure, easily tunable properties, and diverse functionalities. In recent years, they have been developed for applications in the field of solar-driven interface evaporation. Therefore, this paper reviews the research progress of organic small molecules based on photothermal interface evaporation systems. The molecular structure characteristics suitable for this system based on the enhanced photothermal conversion mechanism are introduced. Furthermore, three types of evaporation systems constructed using organic small molecules including membrane-based, foam-based, and hydrogel-based systems are analyzed. These systems are further discussed in terms of their potential applications in seawater desalination, wastewater treatment, and water-electricity cogeneration. Finally, the review concludes by summarizing the current developments and highlighting the challenges that must be addressed, which aims to provide references and insights for the design and development of organic small molecule-based interface evaporation systems.
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