文学地理学视域下赫尔曼·黑塞的《在轮下》解读
An Interpretation of Hermann Hesse’s Under the Wheel from the Perspective of Literary Geography

文学地理学视角下，地理因素在作者文学创作活动、文学文本空间以及文学批评实践中发挥着重要作用，对文学作品的研究不能脱离文学地理性空间的研究。由此观之，德国作家赫尔曼·黑塞的早期作品《在轮下》中的“地理基因”“地理影像”“地理叙事”昭示了地理因素在文学生产与审美中的建构性作用。其中，“地理基因”源自黑塞的童年生活经历，继而外化为文本中的“地理影像”，通过创建卡尔夫和毛尔布隆修道院这两个文本地理空间，其“地理叙事”在富含艺术价值的同时承担起传达多重主题思想的功能。
Geographical factors play a crucial role in literary creation, text construction, and criticism. Examining literary works requires exploring their geographical contexts. In Hermann Hesse’s early work Under the Wheel, geographical genes, images, and narratives illustrate the influence of geography on literary production and aesthetics. Hesse’s childhood experiences form the geographical genes, which are externalized into textual images. Through the depiction of the two textual geographical spaces of Calw and Maulbronn Abbey, the geographical narrative serves to convey multiple thematic ideas while enriching the work’s artistic value.