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Mine Engineering 2024
煤层底板突水与危险性评价研究现状及展望
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Abstract:
煤层底板突水作为一种严重的煤矿灾害，其隐蔽性强、破坏性大，对煤矿安全生产构成重大威胁。文章首先回顾了煤层底板突水机理的研究历程，包括国内外学者对突水系数、“下三带”理论、“四带”理论、岩体结构控制论等的提出和发展，这些理论为理解突水机理提供了重要基础。煤层开挖扰动这一动态变化过程，可反映在多个方面，因此，可以借助各种监测设备实现“参量”的动态演化来反应采动效应，在底板突水事故研究中，通过底板突水机理明确危险源及触发条件，对危险源进行分析并对底板突水危险性进行静态及动态评价，在底板水害防治工作中有重要的研究意义。在上述基础上，总体阐明了煤层底板突水危险性评价体系各环节的研究展望。
As a serious coal mine disaster, water inrush from coal seam floor has strong concealment and great destructiveness, which poses a major threat to coal mine safety production. Firstly, this paper reviews the research process of water inrush mechanism of coal seam floor, including the proposal and development of water inrush coefficient, “lower three zones” theory, “four zones” theory and rock mass structure control theory by domestic and foreign scholars. These theories provide an important basis for understanding the mechanism of water inrush. The dynamic change process of coal seam excavation disturbance can be reflected in many aspects. Therefore, the dynamic evolution of “parameters” can be realized by means of various monitoring equipment to reflect the mining effect. In the study of floor water inrush accident, the hazard source and trigger conditions are defined through the mechanism of floor water inrush, the hazard source is analyzed, and the static and dynamic evaluation of floor water inrush risk is carried out. It has important research significance in the prevention and control of floor water disaster. On the basis of the above, the research prospect of each link of the risk evaluation system of water inrush from coal seam floor is expounded.
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