探析东干民族使用拼音文字记录本民族语言的特殊性
The Particularity of the Donggan Nationality in Using Pinyin to Record Their Own Language

东干语是中亚东干族所使用的语言，它来源于我国晚清时期近代汉语西北方言。本文以“东干人完全用拼音字母而不使用汉字记录本民族语言”这一特殊现象为出发点，通过简介东干族、东干语，分析东干民族语言文字传承现状以及研究影响东干民族使用拼音文字记录本民族语言的主客观因素，阐述东干民族使用拼音文字记录本民族语言的这一特殊现象。笔者还通过东干民族和中国回族、东干语言文字和汉语的关系，集中讨论了在中亚文字拉丁化的局势下东干西里尔拼音文字的未来发展趋势，认为我们可以从汉语不间断的发展历史中寻求促进东干语继续传承的经验。
The Donggan language is the language used by the Donggan people in Central Asia, which originates from the modern Chinese northwest dialects during the late Qing Dynasty. This article takes the special phenomenon of “the Donggan people completely using the phonetic alphabet instead of Chinese characters to record their ethnic language” as the starting point. It briefly introduces the Donggan people and their language, analyzes the current status of the inheritance of the Donggan ethnic language and script, and studies the subjective and objective factors that influence the Donggan people’s use of the phonetic alphabet to record their ethnic language. The author also discusses the future development trend of the Donggan Cyrillic phonetic script in the context of the Latinization of scripts in Central Asia, focusing on the relationship between the Donggan people and the Hui people in China, and between the Donggan language and script and Chinese. The author believes that we can seek experiences to promote the continuous inheritance of the Donggan language from the uninterrupted development history of the Chinese language.