航天器虚拟仿真实践课程创新设计与应用——以哈工大小卫星班贯通式课程为例
Innovative Design and Application of Spacecraft Virtual Simulation Practice Course—Taking the Through Course of HIT Small Satellite Class of HIT as an Example

针对我国高校航天专业人才培养过程中存在的问题，哈尔滨工业大学小卫星班面向大三本科生开设了仿真实践类专业课《航天器与自主智能系统创新设计》，创新性提出并形成了SpaceSim软件官网开放社区学习模式和自媒体自我创作型学习模式，采用案例式教学，从姿轨控与空间环境等基础知识到通导遥载荷特性等应用知识，利用国产航天器系统仿真软件SpaceSim编制了40个仿真案例并上传至软件官网开放社区，建立了师生之间、学生之间、同行之间的学术交流平台，促进和激发了学生们同团队教师在线研究和探讨仿真实验问题的兴趣，提高了授课质量。课程以学生提交的大作业为考核项目，提出“自主进阶式任务想定”教学模式并引入自媒体评价机制，学生通过自媒体展示和讲解自己的大作业，锻炼了学生的项目构建与表达能力，有效提升了学生完成作业的积极态度与认真程度，对提升授课效果起到了重要作用。最后，该课程的授课模式、课程内容以及仿真工具已被其他高校航天专业课以及空天智能应用挑战赛所借鉴和采用，验证了该课程创新设计理念的应用实践性与有效性。
In view of the problems existing in the training process of space professionals in Chinese universities, the small satellite class of Harbin Institute of Technology opened a professional course of simulation practice “Innovative Design of Spacecraft and Autonomous Intelligent System” for junior undergraduates, and innovatively proposed and formed the SpaceSim open community learning model and the self-creative learning model of we-media, using case teaching. From the basic knowledge of attitude and orbit control and space environment to the application knowledge of communication, navigation and remote sensing load characteristics, 40 simulation cases were compiled by SpaceSim, a domestic spacecraft system simulation software, and uploaded to the open community of the software’s official website, establishing an academic exchange platform between teachers and students, students and peers, which promotes and stimulate students’ interest in online research and discussion of simulation experiments with team teachers, and improves the quality of teaching. The course takes the large assignments submitted by students as assessment items, proposes the teaching mode of “independent advanced task planning” and introduces the we-media evaluation mechanism. Students display and explain their large assignments through we-media, which exercises students’ ability of project construction and expression, effectively improves students’ positive attitude and seriousness in completing assignments, and plays an important role in improving the teaching effect. Finally, the teaching mode, course content and simulation tools of this course have been used for reference and adopted by other aerospace professional courses in universities and Space Intelligence Application Challenge competitions, which verifies the application practicability and effectiveness of the innovative design concept of this course.