遵义桐梓方言亲属称谓缺位研究
Study on the Absence of Kinship Titles in Zunyi Tongzi Dialect

现代汉语称谓系统中，缺位现象较多体现于社会称谓里，但在遵义桐梓方言中，一些称谓级别中也存在亲属称谓的缺位现象。男性称谓语泛化与传统宗法观念造成“女用男称”女性称谓语缺失，而社会观念的转型以及古汉语的影响也使得“男用女称”男性称谓缺失。文章以桐梓方言亲属称谓系统为研究内容，用对比研究方法对桐梓方言亲属称谓缺位的类型、能产性以及形成机制进行探讨。文章发现桐梓方言亲属称谓缺位现象的存在与语言的自身特点及其历史性和社会性相关。希望文章能够对其余方言中称谓缺失现象提供参考性，并对完善桐梓方言称谓系统的研究具有一定意义。
In the modern Chinese title system, the absence phenomenon is mainly reflected in social titles, but in the Zunyi Tongzi dialect, there is a lack of kinship titles in some title levels. The generalization of male pronouns and the traditional patriarchal concept have led to the absence of female predicates of “female male pronouns”, and the transformation of social concepts and the influence of ancient Chinese have also led to the absence of male pronouns of “male and female pronouns”. Based on the kinship title system of Tongzi dialect, this paper uses comparative research methods to discuss the type, productivity and formation mechanism of kinship title absence in Tongzi dialect. This paper finds that the existence of the phenomenon of the absence of kinship titles in Tongzi dialect is related to the characteristics of the language itself, its historicity and sociality. It is hoped that the paper can provide reference for the absence of titles in other dialects, and have particular significance for the study of improving the title system of Tongzi dialect.