代理决策中责任规避现象成因及对策
Causes and Interventions of Buck-Passing in Representative Decision-Making

生活中个体为他人或者群体做决策的情况时有发生，这一过程中，一旦出现负面的决策结果，往往会引发委托人的不满与后续的问责。为了逃避可能的指责，代理人往往表现出责任规避的倾向，这将给委托人及群体利益带来诸多不利影响。本文将从代理决策的角度探讨导致责任规避的因素，并提出相应的应对措施。文章首先明确了代理决策中责任规避的含义并总结了责任规避现象的表现形式，包括不确定性偏好、采取保守选项、转移决策权和找借口等；其次，本文从委托–代理关系视角、代理人视角与组织制度视角分析了责任规避现象背后的成因；最后，文章从这三个层面出发提出应对措施，以期对预防责任规避行为和强化担当有所启示。
Individuals often make decisions for others or groups in life. In the process, once there is a negative decision result, it will often lead to the dissatisfaction of the client and the subsequent accountability. In order to avoid potential blame, agents often show a tendency of buck-passing, which has many negative consequences for the interests of the principal and the group. This paper explores the factors that lead to buck-passing from the perspective of representative decision-making and proposes corresponding countermeasures. Firstly, the article defines buck-passing in representative decision-making and summarises the manifestations of the phenomenon of buck-passing, including uncertainty preference, adopting conservative options, transferring decision-making power and making excuses; Secondly, the article analyses the causes behind the phenomenon of buck-passing from the perspectives of the principal-agent relationship, the agent’s perspective and the organisational system; Lastly, the article proposes countermeasures from these three dimensions to shed light on the preventing buck-passing behaviour and the strengthening responsibility.