马克思科技思想中生态观的形成、内涵及价值
The Ecological View in Marx’s Thought of Science and Technology

马克思主义与科技和生态的联系非常紧密。马克思主义科技思想中的生态观正是诞生于第一次、第二次科技革命快速发展的时代。马克思肯定了科技在促进社会生产力提高，改善人类生活水平中的积极作用。同时，他也敏锐看到了资本滥用科技又造成了严重的局部生态危机。在对现实的深刻反思以及批判性吸收前人理论成果的基础上，马克思以“人–科技–自然”关系为逻辑起点，提出了科技是人与自然的中介这一本质，并揭示了在自然领域资本主义制度是导致科技异化的根本原因，对我国生态文明建设具有重要指导意义。
Marxism is closely related to science, technology, and ecology. The ecological view in Marxist scientific and technological thought was born in the era of rapid development of the first and second scientific and technological revolutions. Marx affirmed the positive role of science and technology in promoting social productivity and improving human living standards. At the same time, he is also keen to see that the abuse of capital technology has caused a serious local ecological crisis. On the basis of profound reflection on reality and critical absorption of predecessors’ theoretical achievements, Marx takes the relationship of “human-science-technology-nature” as the logical starting point, puts forward the essence that science and technology are the intermediary between humans and nature, and reveals that the capitalist system in the field of nature is the root cause of the alienation of science and technology, which has important guiding significance for the construction of ecological civilization in China.