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社会压力是否促进利他行为？——来自“下一个双倍”实验的证据
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Abstract:
本研究旨在探索不同金额及社会压力条件下，高校学生的利他行为选择。利他行为指个体为提升他人福祉而付出一定成本的行为，然而研究常受“损失厌恶”影响。本研究采用《利他人格自陈量表》测量被试利他水平，并通过“下一个双倍”的社会实验范式，设计不同金额和社会压力情境，降低“损失厌恶”干扰。结果显示，较高金额诱惑使被试倾向于利己选择，而在社会压力下他们倾向于利他选择。本研究有效降低了“损失厌恶”对利他行为评估的影响，为理解利他行为的动力机制提供了新视角。
The aim of this study is to investigate the altruistic behavior choices made by college students in response to varying levels of monetary incentives and social pressure. Altruistic behavior refers to actions taken by individuals that involve a personal cost but benefit others, yet research has been influenced by “loss aversion.” To mitigate this interference, the study employed the Altruistic Personality Self-Report Scale to measure subjects’ level of altruism and utilized a “next double” social experiment paradigm with different amounts and types of social pressure. Results indicate that higher monetary incentives tend to lead subjects towards self-interest, while under social pressure they tend to choose altruistic interest. This study effectively reduces the impact of “loss aversion” on evaluating altruistic behavior and provides new insights into understanding its dynamic mechanisms.
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