不同海气耦合指数与我国温度降水的相关分析
Correlation Analysis between Different Air-Sea Coupling Indices and Temperature-Precipitation in China

在气候变化背景下，全球海表温度不断上升，并通过海气相互作用间接影响了全球各个区域的气候状况。本文运用相关、Mann-Kendall、T-滑移和快速傅里叶变换周期分析等方法，讨论了太平洋十年涛动(Pacific Decadal Oscillation, PDO)、厄尔尼诺(El Ni？o, NINO)、北大西洋涛动(North Atlantic Oscillation, NAO)及印度洋偶极子(Dipole Mode Index, DMI)的突变时间等及其与中国温度和降水的空间相关性，得出如下结论：PDO与温度：冷期春季与北方正相关，秋季与南北方都为负相关；暖期夏和冬季与北方负相关，秋季与南方和北方负相关；PDO与降水：冷期九月与北方负相关，十月南正北负分布和十一月东正西负分布；暖期春季与华南和东北南部正相关，与华北负相关，秋季青藏区域负相关。NINO与温度负相关，夏季影响东北，秋季影响青藏；NINO与降水：春季与东部正相关，西部负相关，夏季与北方负相关，秋季与南方正相关，北方负相关分布，冬季与华南正相关。NAO与温度，春季与东北正相关，夏季与北方负相关，南方正相关；NAO与降水：春季上升东负西正分布，夏季下降南负北正分布，秋季上升与西部正相关。冬季稳定期与西南正东北负相关分布。DMI与我国降水关系，春到夏季增加与北方负相关，秋到冬季降低与华南北部正相关，与青藏北部负相关，冬到春季降低转换为增加趋势与东部海岸负相关。
In the context of climate change, the global sea surface temperature continues to rise, and indirectly affects the climate conditions of various regions of the world through air-sea interaction. In this paper, by means of correlation, Mann-Kendall, T-slip and fast Fourier transform periodic analysis, we discuss the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), El Nino (NINO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index (DMI) and the spatial correlation between PDO and temperature and precipitation in China. The conclusions are as follows: PDO is positively correlated with temperature in the cold spring and the north, and negatively correlated with the north and south in autumn. In warm period, summer and winter are negatively correlated with the north, and autumn is negatively correlated with the south and north. The cold period in September is negatively correlated with the north, in October it is positively correlated with the south and negatively with the north, in November it is positively correlated with the east and negatively with the west. Warm spring is positively related to southern and northern China, negatively related with northern China and negatively correlated with Qinghai-Tibet in autumn. NINO is negatively correlated with temperature, affecting northeast China in summer and Qinghai-Tibet in autumn. NINO is positively correlated with precipitation in spring and east, negatively correlated with west, negatively correlated with north in summer, positively correlated with south in autumn, negatively correlated with north, and positively correlated with south in winter. NAO is positively correlated with temperature in spring and northeast, negatively correlated with north