新高考院校选科要求下在滇地理选科考生双一流院校专业填报分析
Analysis of Major Filling in Double First-Class Colleges and Universities for Geography Candidates in Yunnan under the Subject Selection Requirements of New College Entrance Examination

在新高考改革中，推行的“3 + 1 + 2”选科模式，不仅极大地提升了学生的自主权，允许其根据个人兴趣和未来规划，灵活选择科目组合。这一模式的设计，充分尊重了学生的选择权利，为他们提供了多样化的学习路径。云南省是第五批于2022年启动并于2025年执行的地区之一。本文主要采用文献研究法和比较分析法对高考模式进行解读，认识新旧高考模式的区别；提取、整理、统计数据，认识新高考模式下院校的选科要求共22种组合，云南省“3 + 1 + 2”模式下各选科组合专业覆盖率和院校专业地理选科要求有5种；以及院校选科要求下的在滇考生双一流院校专业填报中地理一门选科可填报学校有19所，以及利用空间分析法得到中国双一流院校在34个省市区的分布，其中北京市以34所居于榜首。
In the new college entrance examination reform, the implementation of the “3 + 1 + 2” subject selection model not only greatly enhances students’ autonomy, but also allows them to flexibly choose subject combinations based on personal interests and future plans. The design of this model fully respects the students’ right to choose and provides them with a variety of learning paths. Yunnan Province is one of the fifth batch of regions to be launched in 2022 and implemented in 2025. This article mainly adopts the methods of literature research and comparative analysis to interpret the college entrance examination model and understand the differences between the new and old models; By extracting, organizing, and analyzing statistical data, we understand that there are 22 combinations of subject selection requirements for colleges and universities under the new model. In Yunnan’s “3 + 1 + 2” model, there are 5 types of subject selection requirements for geography majors in terms of the professional coverage of each combination and the geographical subject requirements for university majors; according to the requirements for selecting majors in Yunnan’s double first-class universities, there are 19 universities that can be selected for the geography major. The spatial analysis method was used to obtain the distribution of China’s double first-class universities in 34 provinces and cities, with Beijing ranking first with 34 universities.