政策工具视角下省域基本养老服务体系建设研究
Research on the Construction of Provincial Basic Elderly Care Service System from the Perspective of Policy Tools

目的：选取20份省级基本养老政策文本为研究对象，研究分析养老服务政策文本内容的特征及不足，提出合理化建议，为完善我国基本养老服务政策体系提供参考。方法：以政策工具为视角，结合参与主体维度构建二维分析框架，采用内容分析法对20个养老服务政策文本进行分析，得到有效编码858条。研究结果：(1) 在基本养老服务体系政策中，基本养老服务体系的政策工具应用不均衡；(2) 各政策工具内部存在资源分配不均；(3) 政策内容缺少地域性特征。为保障基本养老服务体系建设政策的执行效力，特提出以下建议：(1) 提高政策工具使用频率的均衡性；(2) 改进政策工具的内部组合；(3) 突显政策文本的地域特色。
Objective: This paper aims to select 20 provincial-level basic elderly care policy texts as research objects, analyze the characteristics and shortcomings of policy texts, propose rationalization suggestions, and provide reference for improving China’s basic elderly care service policy system. Method: From the perspective of policy tools, a two-dimensional analysis framework was constructed by combining the dimensions of participating entities. Content analysis was used to analyze 20 policy texts, resulting in 858 effective codes. Research Results: (1) In the policy of the basic elderly care service system, the application of policy tools in the basic elderly care service system is uneven; (2) There is an uneven distribution of resources within various policy tools; (3) The policy content lacks regional characteristics. To ensure the effectiveness of the implementation of policies for the construction of the basic elderly care service system, the following suggestions are proposed: (1) Improve the balance of the frequency of policy tool use; (2) Improve the internal combination of policy tools; (3) Highlight the regional characteristics of policy texts.