互助养老：中国农村养老的新进路
Mutual Support for the Aged: A New Approach for the Aged in Rural China

在当前农村人口老龄化趋势日益加剧，且传统家庭养老模式功能显著弱化的严峻形势下，积极探索并构建一套符合农村实际社会化养老模式，已成其必然要求。农村互助养老，作为居家养老与机构养老之间的有效桥梁和重要补充，是破解农村深度老龄化难题的一条创新且高效的路径。在其探索与实践过程中不可避免地遭遇了多重现实困境，包括根深蒂固的思想观念束缚、法律政策体系的不完善、资金保障的短缺以及政府执行力的挑战等。面对这些复杂多变的挑战，单一的力量已难以支撑其持续健康发展，亟需政府、社会、家庭等多方主体携手并进，形成强大合力，共同推动农村互助养老事业的蓬勃发展。
In the current scenario where rural population aging is intensifying, and the functionality of traditional family caregiving models is significantly weakening, actively exploring and establishing a socialized model of elder care suitable for rural realities has become a necessity. Rural mutual support for the aged, effectively bridging the gap between home-based care and institutional care, emerges as an innovative and efficient solution to tackle the challenges of deep aging in rural areas. However, its exploration and practice inevitably face multiple practical difficulties, including deep-rooted ideological constraints, an incomplete legal and policy framework, a lack of financial support, and challenges to government execution. Faced with these complex and changing challenges, a single entity’s effort is insufficient to sustain its healthy and continuous development. There is an urgent need for a collaborative approach where the government, society, and families work together, forming a strong synergy to collectively promote the robust development of the rural mutual support elder care system.