基于行为特征的“跑”字认知语义分析
Cognitive Semantic Analysis of the Word “Run” Based on Behavioral Characteristics

多义词的义项研究一直是认知语义学研究的核心，本研究运用基于语料库的行为特征分析法，对动词“跑”的多义性进行研究，通过从北京语言大学BCC语料库筛选2000条语例，对其进行6个大类22个小类的特征标注，再运用层级聚类分析的方法进行统计分析，得到其结果为，“跑”的原型义是“(人或动物用腿、脚)迅速向前移动”，其多个义项可分为三大类，根据聚类分析的结果，本文构建了“跑”的多义网络体系，并通过分析动词“跑”各个义项之间的连接机制，发现其语义拓展有转喻和隐喻两种连接机制。
The meaning of polysemous words has always been the core of cognitive semantics research. In this study, the semantic meaning of the verb “run” is studied by using the corpus-based behavioral feature analysis method. By screening 2000 examples from the BCC corpus of Beijing Language and Culture University, the features of them are marked in 6 categories and 22 subcategories, and then the hierarchical cluster analysis method is used for statistical analysis. The result is that the archetypal meaning of “run” is “(people or animals move rapidly forward with legs and feet)”, and its multiple meanings can be divided into three categories. According to the results of cluster analysis, this paper constructs a polysemous network system of “run”, and finds that its semantic expansion has two connection mechanisms, metonymy and metaphor, by analyzing the connection mechanism between the meanings of the verb “run”.