不同生理阶段下性激素水平对女性阴道微生态的影响
Effects of Sex Hormone Levels on Female Vaginal Microecology at Different Physiological Stages

女性一生各阶段具有不同的生理特征，其中以生殖系统和内分泌系统的变化最为显著。阴道微生态作为妇产科学领域近年来的研究热点，得到了广泛的研究支持，并在女性生殖健康中起着重要的作用。经过长期的理论和临床研究，发现阴道微生态可受多种因素的影响，大致可以分为内源性和外源性两大类。在众多因素中，雌激素、乳杆菌、局部pH值以及阴道黏膜免疫系统是最主要的影响因素。女性不同的生理阶段，性腺激素水平也大不相同。因此，阴道微生态受性激素的影响，也会发生不同的变化。然而，目前关于不同生理阶段下性激素水平的变化对阴道微生态的影响的研究相对较少。所以，了解这些特殊的变化，对处于不同生理阶段女性的阴道微生态状况的判读、处置具有重要意义。
Women have different physiological characteristics in each stage of their life, among which the changes of reproductive system and endocrine system are the most significant. Vaginal microecology, as a research hotspot in the field of obstetrics and gynecology in recent years, has received extensive research support and plays an important role in female reproductive health. After long-term theoretical and clinical studies, it is found that vaginal microecology can be affected by a variety of factors, which can be roughly divided into two categories: endogenous and exogenous. Among many factors, estrogen, Lactobacillus, local pH and vaginal mucosal immune system are the most important influencing factors. Women at different physiological stages, gonadal hormone levels are also very different. Therefore, the vaginal microecology is affected by sex hormones and will also undergo different changes. However, there are relatively few studies on the effects of changes in sex hormone levels at different physiological stages on vaginal microecology. Therefore, understanding these special changes is of great significance to the interpretation and disposal of the vaginal microecological status of women in different physiological stages.