纳米碳示踪剂在结直肠癌微创根治手术后淋巴结检出的应用进展
Nano-Carbon Tracer’s Application Progress of Lymph Node Detection Rate after Minimally Invasive Radical Surgery for Colorectal Cancer

结直肠癌是中国最常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤之一，且在全球结直肠癌新发病例数中，其发病率及死亡率在男女性别中均位列第三，结直肠癌极大地损害了人民身体健康。结直肠癌的进展机制是肿瘤细胞无限制增殖、侵犯周围组织和器官，同时伴随转移的过程。结直肠癌淋巴结转移引起局部复发和远处转移是决定预后情况的一个重要独立指标。因此能够准确确定肿瘤位置、示踪区域淋巴结，对于降低手术难度，提高术后淋巴结检出数目及临床病理分期的准确性有着重要作用。纳米碳是一种新型淋巴示踪剂，具有淋巴系统趋向性、安全性、长效性等优势，因此在结直肠癌手术中得到了广泛应用。应用纳米碳示踪淋巴结对结直肠癌患者微创根治术后淋巴结的检出率及其检测方法的优势是值得深入探讨的课题，本文就此展开叙述并进一步讨论未来的研究方向。
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of digestive system in China. And in the number of new cases of colorectal cancer in the world, its morbidity and mortality rank third among both sexes. Colorectal cancer is a great detriment to people’s health. The progression mechanism of colorectal cancer is the unrestricted proliferation of tumor cells, invasion of surrounding tissues and organs, accompanied by the process of metastasis. Local recurrence and distant metastasis caused by lymph node metastasis of colorectal cancer is an important independent indicator to determine prognosis. Therefore, accurate determination of tumor location and tracing of regional lymph nodes plays an important role in reducing the difficulty of surgery, increasing the number of postoperative lymph nodes detected, and improving the accuracy of clinicopathological staging. Nano-carbon is a new type of lymphatic tracer, which has the advantages of lymphatic system, safety, long-term performance, etc. So it has been widely used in colorectal cancer surgery. The detection rate of lymph nodes after minimally invasive radical surgery in patients with colorectal cancer and the advantages of the detection method are worthy of further discussion. This paper describes and further discusses the future research direction.