中国传统启蒙教育的功与过
The Merits and Demerits of Traditional Chinese Enlightenment Education

在新时代中国对启蒙教育高度重视的背景下，本文基于私塾的起源与发展历史，以私塾为例，分析了中国明清时期启蒙教育的发展动力，主要动力分为作为内在动力的读书人对于读书应举的信仰，与作为外在动力的印刷出版技术的进步。在多重因素的促进作用下，私塾教育逐渐走向成熟，其发展过程中有功有过，但最终被新式教育代替，走向衰落。
Against the backdrop of high emphasis on early childhood education in contemporary China, this paper examines the origin and historical development of private schools (sishu). Using sishu as an example, it analyzes the driving forces behind the development of early childhood education during the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China. The main driving forces include the intrinsic motivation of scholars’ belief in studying for the imperial examinations and the extrinsic motivation of advancements in printing and publishing technology. Under the influence of multiple factors, sishu education gradually matured. While it had its merits and demerits during its development, it was eventually replaced by modern education and declined.