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老年患者髋部骨折术后谵妄的原因及可能机制
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Abstract:
随着世界各地人口年龄和预期寿命的增加，预计发生髋部骨折的老年人数量将逐年增多。髋部骨折好发于老年患者，早期手术修复作为其关键治疗方式能最大限度地减少并发症、降低死亡率，老年患者髋部手术后谵妄的发生率在4%~53%之间，是老年患者最常见的手术并发症，与功能预后不良、住院时间延长及死亡率升高有关。术后谵妄的危险因素众多，有研究表明多达三分之一的高危患者可以预防谵妄的发生。针对其危险因素背后的机制探索可能帮助我们能更好地筛查和预防，更有针对性地制定围术期的医疗保健计划，从而在髋部骨折治疗后获得尽可能好的手术结果和更好的生活质量。
As the age and life expectancy of populations around the world increase, the number of older people suffering hip fractures is expected to increase year by year. Hip fracture tends to occur in elderly patients, and early surgical repair as a key treatment can minimize complications and reduce mortality. The incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients ranges from 4% to 53%, and it is the most common surgical complication in elderly patients, which is associated with poor functional prognosis, prolonged hospital stay and increased mortality. There are many risk factors for postoperative delirium. Studies have shown that up to a third of high-risk patients can prevent delirium. Exploring the mechanism behind the risk factors may help us to better screen and prevent them, and develop a more targeted perioperative health care plan, so as to obtain the best possible surgical outcome and better quality of life after hip fracture treatment.
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