The low electricity supply rate is a major cause of underdevelopment in Cameroon. To address this issue, Cameroon outlined a strategy in 2003 aiming for a production capacity of 3000 MW by 2020. However, by 2020, production had only reached 1040 MW, leading Cameroon to devise a new national energy sector development strategy targeting 5000 MW by 2035. This paper provides an overview of the current state of energy production and projects future output by 2035. Scientific articles and investigative reports on energy production in Cameroon have enabled an assessment of the current electrical energy production. The 2035 production estimate is based on the Energy Sector Development Projects (PDSEN) report in Cameroon. The current production is estimated at around 1600 MW. Considering the ongoing construction of power plants, future projects, and financing delays, achieving the 5000 MW goal by 2035 appears challenging. Nonetheless, diversifying energy production sources could bring Cameroon closer to this target.
References
[1]
Mohammed, Y.S., Mustafa, M.W. and Bashir, N. (2013) Status of Renewable Energy Consumption and Developmental Challenges in Sub-Sahara Africa. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 27, 453-463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.06.044
[2]
International Energy Agency (IEA) (2023) Key World Energy Statistics 2021. https://www.iea.org/energy-system/renewables/hydroelectricity
[3]
Koščak Kolin, S., Karasalihović Sedlar, D. and Kurevija, T. (2021) Relationship between Electricity and Economic Growth for Long-Term Periods: New Possibilities for Energy Prediction. Energy, 228, Article ID: 120539. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.120539
[4]
Marius, L.L. and Joel, N.A. (2019) Energy Sector of Cameroon. Africa Review, 11, 34-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/09744053.2018.1538678
[5]
Minepat (2020) Stratégie nationale de développement SND30 Fench. Ministère de l’économie de la planification et de l’aménagement du territoire.
[6]
Kenfack, J., Nzotcha, U., Voufo, J., Ngohe-Ekam, P.S., Nsangou, J.C. and Bignom, B. (2021) Cameroon’s Hydropower Potential and Development under the Vision of Central Africa Power Pool (CAPP): A Review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 151, Article ID: 111596. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2021.111596
Nkue, V. and Njomo, D. (2009) Analyse du système énergétique camerounais dans une perspective de développement soutenable. Revue de l’Energie, 588, 102-114.
[9]
Kidmo, D.K., Deli, K. and Bogno, B. (2021) Status of Renewable Energy in Cameroon. Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability, 6, Article No. 2. https://doi.org/10.1051/rees/2021001
[10]
(2023) ENEO: The Energy of Cameroon. https://eneocameroon.cm/
[11]
Kaygusuz, K. (2011) Energy Services and Energy Poverty for Sustainable Rural Development. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15, 936-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.11.003
[12]
(2023) Energie électrique: La Banque Mondiale s’engage à mettre 184 milliards de FCFA à la disposition du Cameroun. https://minepat.gov.cm/fr/2023/06/09/energie-electrique-la-banque-mondiale-sengage-a-mettre-184-milliards-de-fcfa-a-la-disposition-du-cameroun/
[13]
(2023) Situation énergétique au Cameroun. https://groupe-kedibuild.com/2022/05/05/situation-energetique-au-cameroun/
[14]
MINEE (2014) Projet de développement du secteur de l’énergie—PDSE—Etude de l’offre en moyens de production. Vol. 3, 1-31.
[15]
(2023) Electricity Development Corporation (EDC). https://www.edc.cm/index.php/nos-projets/lagdo/
[16]
(2023) Innovation Energie Développement. https://www.ied-sa.fr/fr/accueil/actualites/509-ied-invest-projet-de-pch-de-mbakaou-au-cameroun.html
[17]
Camille, M., Alexandre, B. and Nneme Léandre, N. (2020) Roadmap for the Transformation of the South Cameroon Interconnected Network (RIS) into Smart-Grid. American Journal of Energy Engineering, 8, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20200801.11
[18]
André, N., Dieudonné, T. and Jovial, N.R. (2019) Options Politico-Juridiques pour un Envol Durable des Energies Renouvelables au Cameroun. https://www.fes.de/bibliothek/
[19]
Alain Innocent LEKA: Stratégie de croissance des unités territoriales du Cameroun, Production décentralisée d’électricité. https://www.institut-numerique.org/strategie-de-croissance-des-unites-territoriales-du-cameroun-production-decentralisee-delectricite-51fba1b198c69
(2023) Institut National de la Statistique. Étude économique et financière des entreprises en 2021. https://ins-cameroun.cm/statistique/etude-economique-et-financiere-des-entreprises-en-2021
[22]
CPSH (2023) Structure des Prix des Carburants. https://www.csph.cm
[23]
Muh, E., Amara, S. and Tabet, F. (2018) Sustainable Energy Policies in Cameroon: A Holistic Overview. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 3420-3429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.10.049
[24]
Mbodiam, B.R. (2023) Énergie solaire. Le Cameroun inaugure son premier projet d’une capacité de 30 MW. https://www.investiraucameroun.com/energie
[25]
Afungchui, D. and Aban, C.E. (2023) Analysis of Wind Regimes for Energy Estimation in Bamenda, of the North West Region of Cameroon, Based on the Weibull Distribution. Journal of Renewable Energies, 17, 137-147. https://doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v17i1.430
[26]
(2023) Ecomatin, Energie renouvelable: Le gouvernement annonce la construction d’une centrale éolienne d’une puissance de 40MW. https://ecomatin.net/energie-renouvelable-le-gouvernement-annonce-la-construction-dune-centrale-eolienne-dune-puissance-de-40mw/
[27]
(2023) CEA. https://uneca.org/fr
[28]
Ali, R., Daut, I. and Taib, S. (2012) A Review on Existing and Future Energy Sources for Electrical Power Generation in Malaysia. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16, 4047-4055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.003
[29]
Kaoga, D.K., Bogno, B., Aillerie, M., Raidandi, D., Yamigno, S.D., Hamandjoda, O., et al. (2016) Assessment of Wind Energy Potential and Cost Estimation of Wind-Generated Electricity at Hilltops Surrounding the City of Maroua in Cameroon. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1758, Article ID: 020012. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4959388
[30]
Olong, G., et al. (2023) Assessment of the Conventional Energy Potential in Cameroon: The Use of Wind, Small Hydro, and Solar Technologies as Alternatives Solutions. International Journal of Renewable Energy Research, 13, 81-88.
[31]
(2024) African Energy Commission. https://au-afrec.org/cameroon#
[32]
Manjong, N.B., Oyewo, A.S. and Breyer, C. (2021) Setting the Pace for a Sustainable Energy Transition in Central Africa: The Case of Cameroon. IEEE Access, 9, 145435-145458. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2021.3121000
[33]
Fetio Ngoune, N., Kanouo Djousse, B.M., Djoukeng, G.H., Nguimeya, C.G.F., Tangka, K.J. and Tchoffo, M. (2023) Contribution of the Mix Renewable Energy Potentials in Delivering Parts of the Electric Energy Needs in the West Region of Cameroon. Heliyon, 9, e14554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14554
[34]
Kenfack, J., Lewetchou K., J., Bossou, O.V. and Tchaptchet, E. (2017) How Can We Promote Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency in Central Africa? A Cameroon Case Study. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 75, 1217-1224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.108
[35]
(2024) AFD: Agence Française de Développement. https://www.afd.fr/fr/carte-des-projets/augmenter-loffre-denergie-au-cameroun
[36]
(2014) PDSE 2030—Projet de rapport final vol. 1—Presentation et conclusions. Projet de Développement du Secteur de l’Energie (PDSEN). Vol. 1, 1-114.
