我国个人破产制度的检视与法治回应
Inspection and Legal Response to China’s Personal Bankruptcy System

个人破产制度不仅是塑造破产免责理念的关键环节，更是为“诚实”债务人提供必要救济、有效化解执行难题的重要工具。在构建我国个人破产制度的过程中，我们面临着一系列现实困境。一方面，传统法律文化的制约与束缚不容忽视，它们在一定程度上影响着个人破产制度的推进与完善。另一方面，当前阶段，我国个人信用体系尚不健全，这增加了制度实施的难度和挑战。再者，部分债务人因“无产可破”的实际情况，使得个人破产制度的实施效果受到一定影响。我国构建个人破产制度应采取狭义的一般个人破产模式，明确个人破产制度的规制主体、设立较高的个人破产申请门槛、规范个人破产制度的程序构建以及完善个人财产登记、社会保障等配套制度和措施。
The personal bankruptcy system is not only a key link to shape the concept of bankruptcy exemption, but also an important tool to provide necessary relief for the “honest” debtors and effectively solve the enforcement problems. In the process of constructing our personal bankruptcy system, we face a series of practical difficulties. On the one hand, the restriction and constraints of traditional legal culture can not be ignored, they affect the promotion and perfection of personal bankruptcy system to a certain extent. On the other hand, at the current stage, China’s personal credit system is not perfect, which increases the difficulty and challenge of the system implementation. Moreover, the actual situation of “proletariat can be broken” of some debtors affects the implementation effect of the personal bankruptcy system. In the construction of personal bankruptcy system in China, we should adopt the general mode of personal bankruptcy in a narrow sense, clarify the regulatory subject of personal bankruptcy system, establish a higher threshold of personal bankruptcy application, standardize the procedure construction of personal bankruptcy system, and improve the supporting systems and measures such as personal property registration and social security.