农村老年人“互助养老”优化发展的路径研究——以江苏省扬州市D村为例
Research on the Path of Optimizing the Development of “Mutual Elderly Care for the Elderly” in Rural Areas—Taking D Village, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province as an Example

随着全球人口老龄化问题日益突出，养老服务和养老模式成为一个备受关注的议题。尤其是广大的农村地区，由于城镇化与青年劳动力外流等问题，农村空心化、空巢化问题日益严重，也加剧了农村养老服务建设的难度，在农村地区，养老模式的探索和发展具有特殊的意义和挑战。在家庭养老、政府养老、自我养老等一众养老模式中，由于农村互助养老模式“低成本、高效率”的特点，便成了加快补齐农村养老服务短板的重要选择。基于对现行的农村互助养老模式现实情境的研究，发现由于农村老年人互助服务质量参差不齐、及时回馈性不强、公平性不高等问题，并不能达到互助养老模式理想的效果。通过对于扬州市D村老年人互助养老实际情况的调研与探索，提供农村互助养老模式路径的建议和实践推广策略，对于农村养老服务的提升和发展具有理论指导和实践借鉴意义，对于满足农村老年人养老需求具有重要推动作用。
As the global problem of population ageing becomes more and more prominent, elderly care services and the elderly care model have become a topic of great concern. Especially in rural areas, where the problems of hollowing out and empty-nesting have become increasingly serious due to urbanization and the exodus of young people from the labour force, which have also exacerbated the difficulty of building rural elderly care services, In rural areas, the exploration and development of elderly care models in rural areas have special significance and challenges. Among the elderly care services models such as family elderly care service, government elderly care service and self elderly care service, the rural mutual elderly care service model has become an important choice to make up the short board of elderly care services in rural areas due to its characteristics of “low cost and high efficiency”. Based on the study of the reality of the current rural mutual elderly care model, it is found that due to the uneven quality of mutual elderly care services in rural areas, the lack of timely feedback, the lack of fairness, etc., the ideal effect of the mutual elderly care model cannot be achieved. Through the research and exploration of the actual situation of mutual elderly care in D village of Yangzhou City, we provide suggestions on the path of the rural mutual elderly care model and practical promotion strategies, which are of theoretical guidance and practical reference significance for the enhancement and development of the rural elderly services, and play a significant role in advancing the fulfillment of elderly care needs for rural elderly.