拉克劳和墨菲主体思想中对“阶级”理论的解构分析
Analysis of the Deconstruction of the Theory of “Class” in Laclau’s and Murphy’s Ideas on the Subject

随着经济全球化的到来，资本主义的扩张、消费社会以及信息化社会带来的冲击，无不动摇着马克思主义阶级理论在西方世界中的权威性，拉克劳和墨菲也正是在这种情况下，开始他们所谓的对马克思主义阶级理论的激活和创新。他们受后现代主义思潮的影响，解构马克思主义阶级主体，建构新的多元主体理论。本文在引入“阶级”理论面临的资本主义调整、无产阶级意识退化、新社会运动兴起的时代背景下，具体阐释拉克劳和墨菲对“阶级”理论的概念维度、结构维度、经济维度三个方面的解构基础，进一步分析拉克劳和墨菲在对“阶级”解构的过程中对马克思主义的误读并探索其理论对于正确理解马克思主义理论创新的积极作用。
With the advent of economic globalization, the expansion of capitalism, the consumer society and the impact brought by the information society, all of which shake the authority of Marxist class theory in the Western world, Laclau and Murphy began their so-called activation and innovation of Marxist class theory precisely under such circumstances. Influenced by postmodernist thinking, they deconstructed the Marxist class subject and constructed a new theory of multiple subjects. In this paper, against the background of capitalist restructuring, degradation of proletarian consciousness, and the rise of new social movements that the theory of class is facing, Laclau and Murphy’s deconstruction of the conceptual, structural, and economic dimensions of the theory of class is specifically explained and further analyzed. It will further analyze Laclau’s and Murphy’s misinterpretation of Marxism in the process of deconstructing “class” and explore the positive effects of their theories on the correct understanding of the basic ideas of Marxist theory.