“认同”与“伦理认同”概念解析
An Analysis of the Concepts of “Identity” and “Ethical Identity”

从对“认同”内涵的词源学考察到历史性追溯，皆关涉两个核心问题：一是个体与共体关系，二是差异性与同一性关系。“认同”探究的是个体与共同体、差异性与普遍性之间如何建构同一性的问题。伦理学视域下的认同，摒弃了“原子式”个体的存在方式，从实体出发，以差异性为前提，在“伦理关系–伦理实体–实体伦理精神”这一逻辑框架中，通过“个体–实体–主体”的辩证过程，建构人作为“类本质”的完整性，即个体作为主体以及作为“类本质”的伦理普遍性；“伦理认同”的价值诉求在于：建构人作为“类主体”的普遍性，伦理认同的特质，即实践性和价值性。
From the etymological investigation to the historical tracing of the connotation of “identity”, two core issues are involved: one is the relationship between individual and community, and the other is the relationship between difference and identity. “Identity” explores how to construct identity between individual and community, difference and universality. From the perspective of ethics, identity abandons the existence mode of “atomic” individuals, starts from entities, takes differences as the premise, and constructs the integrity of human beings as “species being” through the dialectical process of “individual-entity-subject” in the logical framework of “ethical relations- ethical entities-entity ethical spirit”. That is, the ethical universality of individual as subject and as “species being”; The value appeal of “ethical identity” lies in constructing the universality of human being as “class subject” and the characteristics of ethical identity, namely practicality and value.