基于AHP-FCE的济南北大沙河村域–街道–社区河道景观评价
Landscape Evaluation of Village-Street-Community Section of Beidasha River in Jinan Based on AHP-FCE

我国城乡梯度下河道景观风貌特征显著，为更好地发挥各级河道的生态、社会、景观服务功能，构建综合景观评价模型，提升河道景观品质。本研究采用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法(AHP-FCE)，以济南市北大沙河为研究对象，从自然生态性、社会服务性和景观美学性三方面入手，对村域、街道、社区三级河道进行综合评价分析，根据评价结果并结合各级河道景观特征提出优化策略。综合评价结果显示：村域段河道2.84 (较差)，街道段河道3.47 (一般)、社区段河道3.53 (一般)，三级河道现状问题突出，滨水景观特征沿城乡梯度存在显著性差异，后续提升需区分河道景观特色化营造方向。本研究所构建的乡–城梯度流向的河道景观评价模型，可以为城乡一体化河道景观建设与评价提供一种理论依据，给我国城乡梯度空间尺度下的河道景观规划与设计提供新思路与借鉴。
The characteristics of river landscape under the gradient of urban and rural areas in China are significant. In order to better play the ecological, social and landscape service functions of rivers at all levels, a comprehensive landscape evaluation model is constructed to improve the quality of river landscape. In this study, analytic hierarchy process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method (AHP-FCE) were used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the three-level rivers of village, street and community from three aspects of natural ecology, social service and landscape aesthetics, taking Beidasha River in Jinan City as the research object. According to the evaluation results and combined with the characteristics of river landscape at all levels, the optimization strategy was proposed. The comprehensive evaluation results show that the river channel of the village section is 2.84 (poor), the river channel of the street section is 3.47 (general), and the river channel of the community section is 3.53 (general). The current situation of the three-level river channel is prominent, and the waterfront landscape characteristics are along the urban-rural gradient. There are significant differences, and the follow-up improvement needs to distinguish the direction of the characteristic construction of the river landscape. The river landscape evaluation model of township-city gradient flow constructed in this study can provide a theoretical basis for the construction and evaluation of urban-rural integrated river landscape, and provide new ideas and references for the planning and design of river landscape under the spatial scale of urban-rural gradient in China.