《澄衷蒙学堂字课图说》中的民俗文化及当代价值探析
Analysis of Folk Culture and Contemporary Value in “Chengzhongmeng School Character Lesson Diagram”

享有“百年语文第一书”美誉的《澄衷蒙学堂字课图说》是现代意义上第一套小学语文识字课本，同时也是思想巨人胡适、茅盾等知名文人的发蒙之书。该书不仅收录了大量的汉字，还采取“简说”和“详说”两种释义方式，同时为所选之字绘制了许多形象生动的插图，以图文并茂的形式让不同年龄段的学生在识字的同时汲取到优秀的传统文化知识。本文从民俗文化的角度对《澄衷蒙学堂字课图说》选字进行考察研究，在文本阅读中，仔细研读考察每个选字的释义以及蕴含的深层文化意蕴，并根据该书选字释义的特点进行分类，联系当今社会现实情况比较其民俗文化在时代发展中的变迁，并进行深一步地研究，挖掘其独具魅力的民俗文化特质与时代价值。
“Chengzhongmeng School Character Lesson Diagram”, which enjoys the reputation of being the “first book of Chinese in a hundred years”, is the first set of elementary school Chinese literacy textbooks in the modern sense, but also the thought giant Hu Shi, Mao Dun and other famous literati’s book. The book not only includes a large number of Chinese characters, but also adopts two interpretation methods of “brief” and “detailed”. At the same time, many vivid illustrations are drawn for the selected characters, so that students of different ages can learn excellent traditional cultural knowledge while reading. From the perspective of folk culture, this paper investigates and studies the selected characters of “Chengzhongmeng School Character Lesson Diagram”. In the reading of the text, it carefully studies the interpretation of each selected word and its deep cultural implication, classifies it according to the characteristics of the interpretation of selected characters in the book, compares the changes of its folk culture in the development of The Times in connection with the current social reality, and carries out a further study. Explore its unique charm of folk culture characteristics and value of The Times.