血清IL-33、IL-37对不同水平血嗜酸性粒细胞的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的预测价值及相关性分析
The Predictive Value and Correlation Analysis of Serum IL-33 and IL-37 on Lung Function in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Different Levels of Blood Eosinophils

目的：分析血清IL-33及IL-37对不同水平血嗜酸性粒细胞的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者肺功能的预测价值及相关性。方法：采用ELISA法检测IL-33、IL-37、CRP及PCT在30例嗜酸性粒细胞丰富组患者、30例嗜酸性粒细胞中间组患者、34例嗜酸性粒细胞匮乏组患者及30例健康体检者血清中的表达情况，采用肺功能仪检测30例嗜酸性粒细胞丰富组患者、30例嗜酸性粒细胞中间组患者、34例嗜酸性粒细胞匮乏组患者及30例健康体检者的FEV₁%pred及FEV₁/FVC。结果：COPD组患者血清IL-33、IL-37、CRP及PCT表达水平较健康对照组显著升高，肺功能指标FEV₁%pred及FEV₁/FVC较对照组显著降低(P < 0.05)。随着COPD患者嗜酸性粒细胞计数增多，血清IL-33、IL-37、CRP及PCT表达水平进一步升高，肺功能指标FEV₁%pred及FEV₁/FVC进一步降低(P < 0.05)。COPD组患者的血清IL-33及IL-37的表达水平与CRP及PCT表达水平呈正相关(P < 0.05)，与FEV₁%pred、FEV₁/FVC呈负相关(P < 0.05)。结论：IL-33及IL-37和COPD的进展可能存在密切相关，可能成为临床COPD临床诊断及病情严重程度评估的新指标以及为临床治疗提供新的干预靶点。
Objective: To analyze the predictive value and correlation of serum IL-33 and IL-37 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with different levels of blood eosinophils in predicting lung function. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of IL-33, IL-37, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) in the serum of 30 patients with high eosinophil counts, 30 patients with moderate eosinophil counts, 34 patients with low eosinophil counts, and 30 healthy individuals. Lung function was assessed by measuring forced expiratory volume in one second as a percentage of predicted (FEV₁%pred) and the ratio of FEV₁ to forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC) using a spirometer in the same groups. Results: The expression levels of serum IL-33, IL-37, CRP, and PCT in the COPD group were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (P < 0.05), while lung function indicators FEV₁%pred and FEV₁/FVC were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). With the increase in eosinophil counts in COPD patients, the expression levels of serum IL-33, IL-37, CRP, and PCT further increased, and lung function indicators FEV₁%pred and FEV₁/FVC further decreased (P < 0.05). The expression levels of serum IL-33 and IL-37 in COPD patients were positively correlated with the expression levels of CRP and PCT (P < 0.05) and negatively correlated with FEV₁%pred and FEV₁/FVC (P < 0.05). Conclusion: IL-33 and IL-37 may be closely related to the progression of COPD and may become new indicators for clinical diagnosis and assessment of disease severity in COPD, as well as providing new targets for clinical intervention.