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晚期胃癌免疫治疗的现状
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Abstract:
作为最常见的实体瘤之一，胃癌已被证明是全球第三大死因。胃癌的症状通常不明显，因此很难在早期发现。因此，胃癌一旦在患者中被发现，就已经处于晚期，由于治疗无效和多重耐药，预后较差。最近在了解癌症微环境方面的进展显著促进了晚期胃癌免疫疗法的发展。免疫疗法可以诱导胃癌患者的免疫反应，从而导致癌细胞的破坏。与传统疗法相比，免疫疗法已显示出强大的疗效和可耐受的毒性。因此，这种治疗晚期胃癌的新策略越来越受欢迎。本文综述了免疫治疗晚期胃癌的最新进展，如免疫检查点抑制剂、过继细胞疗法、VEGF抑制剂、癌症疫苗和CAR-T细胞疗法等。
As one of the most common solid tumors, gastric cancer has been proven to be the third leading cause of death worldwide. The symptoms of gastric cancer are usually not obvious, so it is difficult to detect them early. Therefore, once gastric cancer is detected in patients, it is already in the advanced stage, and due to ineffective treatment and multiple drug resistance, the prognosis is poor. The recent progress in understanding the cancer microenvironment has significantly promoted the development of immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer. Immunotherapy can induce an immune response in gastric cancer patients, leading to the destruction of cancer cells. Compared with traditional therapies, immunotherapy has shown strong efficacy and tolerable toxicity. Therefore, this new strategy for treating advanced gastric cancer is becoming increasingly popular. This article reviews the latest advances in immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, adoptive cell therapy, VEGF inhibitors, cancer vaccines, and CAR-T cell therapy.
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