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记忆提取练习对学生学习的促进效应
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Abstract:
提取练习是指在学习过程中对新知识进行记忆提取或测试的方法。研究发现，提取练习可以增强长时记忆和知识迁移。与简单的重复学习相比，提取练习能够产生更持久的记忆保持和更好的知识迁移效果。如果一个人想要能够在未来对新知识进行提取，提取练习比重复学习更有效。文章总结了测试效应在各种材料类型、年龄、类型和不同个体的系列实验中的表现并考虑了未来研究的方向。
Extraction practice refers to the method of remembering or testing new knowledge during the learning process. Research has found that extraction practice can enhance long-term memory and knowledge transfer. Compared to simple repetitive learning, extraction practice can produce more persistent memory retention and better knowledge transfer effects. If someone wants to be able to extract new knowledge in the future, extraction practice is more effective than repetitive learning. This article summarizes the performance of the test effect in a series of experiments on various material types, ages, types, and different individuals and considers the direction of future research.
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