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“有效失败”理论文献综述
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Abstract:
摩奴·卡普尔(Kapur Manu)学者提出的有效失败理论(Productive Failure)，以深度学习为导向，强调学生在课堂中经历的有效“失败”不仅能够激发学生“探明真相”的内在学习动机，而且能够帮助学生克服失败带来的羞耻感，锤炼学习韧性，近些年来得到国内外学者的广泛关注。本文通过梳理“有效失败”理论的国内外相关文献，在阐述其源起与内涵、实践与效果的基础上，结合当前研究现状及课改要求，从理论发展、学科融合、实践探索等方面提出具体建议，以期为学生发展赋能。
The theory of Productive Failure proposed by Kapur Manu, oriented to deep learning, emphasizes that effective “failure” experienced by students in the classroom can not only stimulate students’ motivation to “find out the truth”, but also help students overcome the shame brought by failure and improve their learning resilience, which has received extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad in recent years. In this paper, by combing the domestic and international literature on the theory of “effective failure”, on the basis of elaborating its origin and connotation, practice and effect, and taking into account the current research situation and the requirements of the curriculum reform, we put forward specific suggestions on the development of the theory, integration of disciplines, and exploration of practice, with a view to empowering the development of students.
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