内卷下的大学生主体性困境
The Dilemma of College Students’ Subjectivity under Involution

伴随我国高等教育的普及化，大学生内卷现象日趋激烈。高等教育系统中的大学生主体性在内卷中走向工具主义、自我异化以及同质化。比斯塔的主体化教育思想视角下，大学生为“卷”而卷的学习动机离不开教育系统各方对教育目的的工具主义偏向，大学生在同质化发展中自我异化离不开教育的社会化功能对其他功能的遮蔽，及对教育确定性的追求。比斯塔反对以工具主义和预设本质的方式来理解教育目的，强调教育系统关注主体的存在方式。大学生在内卷中回归主体、突破自我异化，不仅要看到理性共同体对主体的同质化，更需要为大学生创设与他者相回应的机会。
Along with the popularization of higher education in China, the phenomenon of college students’ involution has become increasingly intense. The subjectivity of college students in the higher education system has become instrumental, self-alienated and homogenized in the process of involution. From the perspective of Biesta’s theory of subjectification, the academic motivation of college students which aims at standing out in “involution” cannot be separated from the instrumentalist bias of the education system towards purpose of education, and the self-alienation of students in the development of homogenization cannot be separated from the obscuring of the socialization function of education from other functions, and the pursuit of educational certainty. Biesta rejects to understand purpose of education with an instrumental and preconceived perspective and emphasizes the educational system is supposed to focus on the individual’s way of being. The return of the subject and the breakthrough of self-alienation in the involution of college students requires not only seeing the homogenization of the subject by the rational community, but also the creation of opportunities for students to respond to others.