慢性肾衰竭的中西医治疗进展
Progress in Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Treatment of Chronic Renal Failure

慢性肾衰竭是由多种原发或继发的慢性肾脏病导致肾脏结构紊乱、肾功能进行性下降，水、电解质紊乱，酸碱平衡失调，并伴发全身多系统症状的一类临床综合征。慢性肾衰竭的发病因素包括肾小球高灌注、高滤过，肾小管高代谢，系膜细胞增殖和细胞外基质产生增多以及微炎症状态，其发病机制复杂。目前对慢性衰竭的治疗方式包括西医综合疗法和中医治疗。西医治疗主要从控制营养、血糖、血压、血脂以及代替疗法。中医治疗分为中医内治法和外治法。本文就将以中西医治疗慢性肾衰竭的机制和方法进行整理，为防治此病提供参考。
Chronic renal failure is a clinical syndrome caused by various primary or secondary chronic kidney diseases, leading to kidney structural disorders, progressive decline in renal function, water and electrolyte imbalances, acid-base imbalances, and accompanied by systemic multi-system symptoms. The pathogenic factors of chronic renal failure include glomerular hyperperfusion, hyperfiltration, high tubular metabolism, mesangial cell proliferation, increased extracellular matrix production, and a micro-inflammatory state, with complex pathogenesis. Current treatment modalities for chronic renal failure include comprehensive Western medicine therapy and traditional Chinese medicine therapy. Western medicine treatment mainly focuses on controlling nutrition, blood sugar, blood pressure, blood lipids, and replacement therapy. Traditional Chinese medicine treatment is divided into internal and external treatment methods. This article will summarize the mechanisms and methods of treating chronic renal failure with both traditional Chinese and Western medicine, providing a reference for the prevention and treatment of this disease.