基于拱圈模型比较的大坝变形分析
Dam Deformation Analysis Based on Arch Ring Model Comparison

大坝全生命周期稳定关乎到上下游生态环境与周边居民的人身财产安全，因此定期观测大坝变形是水利部门的重要工作。以往传统的监测方式采用坝体布设观测点，数量有限，利用传统测量仪器获取三维坐标，无法确保监测坝体每个部分。采用三维激光扫描技术获取大坝两期的观测数据，分析坝体变形趋势。基于大坝点云数据建立的拱圈模型，分析坝面的变形量，与常见的基于近邻点(C2C)、基于点到模型(C2M)、基于多尺度模型(M3C2)方法比较分析，试验结果证明了文中的基于拱圈模型方法可实现大坝变形监测，精度与成熟的方法处于同一水平。
The stability of the entire life cycle of a dam is related to the ecological environment of the upstream and downstream, as well as the personal and property safety of surrounding residents. Therefore, regular observation of dam deformation is an important task for the water conservancy department. In the past, traditional monitoring methods were used to set up observation points on the dam body, with limited quantities. Traditional measuring instruments were used to obtain three-dimensional coordinates, which could not ensure the monitoring of each part of the dam body. Using 3D laser scanning technology to obtain observation data for two phases of the dam and analyze the deformation trend of the dam body. The arch model based on point cloud data of the dam is established to analyze the deformation of the dam surface. It is compared and analyzed with common methods based on nearest neighbor point (C2C), point to model (C2M), and multi-scale model (M3C2). The experimental results show that the arch model based method in the article can achieve dam deformation monitoring, with accuracy at the same level as mature methods.