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新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2检测技术研究进展
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Abstract:
由新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)导致的新型冠状病毒感染仍是全世界面临的重要公共卫生事件，且随着病毒基因组不断发生变异，新型变异株出现，病毒传染性和传播能力急剧增强，对人类健康造成严重威胁。快速、高灵敏、高特异、即时检测新型冠状病毒对疫情防控和疾病快速诊治具有十分重要意义。本文基于国内外相关研究文献，对目前新型冠状病毒检测方法进行总结和梳理，包括实时定量RT-PCR、等温核酸扩增技术、CRISPR-Cas核酸检测技术以及高通量测序等核酸检测方法以及酶联免疫吸附法、侧流免疫层析等免疫学方法。进一步，对不同的新型冠状病毒检测方法进行分析和讨论，以期为新型冠状病毒检测和疫情防控提供方法参考。
Novel coronavirus infection caused by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is still an important public health event facing the world, and with the continuous mutation of the virus genome and the emergence of new variants, the infectivity and transmissibility of the virus have increased dramatically, posing a serious threat to human health. Rapid, highly sensitive, highly specific, and real-time detection of the novel coronavirus is of great significance for epidemic prevention and control, rapid diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Based on relevant research literature at home and abroad, this paper summarizes and sorts out the current research progress of novel coronavirus detection methods, including real-time RT-PCR, isothermal amplification nucleic acid detection technology, CRISPR-Cas nucleic acid detection technology, high-throughput sequencing and other nucleic acid detection methods, as well as immunological methods such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent detection and antigen colloidal gold test strip. Furthermore, different detection methods were analyzed and compared in order to provide a reference for novel coronavirus detection and epidemic prevention and control.
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