Objective: To explore nutritional support under the Neuman systems model in treating dysphagia in stroke patients. Methods: In this retrospective study, we enrolled 97 patients with dysphagia after stroke admitted to our hospital, and randomly divided them into the Neuman group (n = 51) given nursing intervention based on Neuman systems model and a control group (n = 46) given routine nursing intervention. Both groups received nutritional support for 3 months. Nutritional indexes (serum total protein, plasma albumin, serum albumin, hemoglobin and transferrin levels) and immune indexes (immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgG, IgM and total lymphocyte count (TLC) in both groups were recorded and compared. Pulmonary function recovery, video fluoroscopic swallowing study score, water swallowing test score, complication rate, and health knowledge mastery level were also compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, the Neuman group showed less decrease in the nutritional and immune index scores (serum total protein, plasma albumin, hemoglobin, serum albumin; IgA, IgG, IgM, and TLC; all P < 0.001). The scores of triacylglycerol, pulmonary function, and video fluoroscopic swallowing study were significantly higher (P < 0.001), while water swallowing test score was markedly lower in the Neuman group than in the control group (P < 0.001). Additionally, the total rate of complications such as abdominal distension, diarrhea, gastric tube reflux, aspiration pneumonia, urinary tract infection, malnutrition, and dehydration was significantly lower (P < 0.05), while the mastery scores of health knowledge (pathogenesis, healthy diet, rehabilitation training, complication prevention, emergency treatment) were significantly higher in the Neuman group than in the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusion: For patients with stroke and dysphagia, comprehensive nursing intervention (e.g., nutritional support) under theNeuman systems model can promote the recovery of immune, swallowing, and pulmonary function, reduce complication incidence and facilitate comprehensive rehabilitation, ensuring adequate nutritional intake.
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