述评奥斯汀及塞尔的言语行为理论
A Review of Austin and Searle’s Speech Act Theory

言语行为是一种从全新角度观察语言意义的概念，对其进行研究具有十分重要的意义。奥斯汀作为言语行为理论的提出者，提出了言语行为二分说和三分说，塞尔在其基础上进行完善并提出了间接言语行为。他们的研究从全新的视角去分析语言与世界的联系，使人们由重点关注语言表达形式到注重语言使用以及表达意图和社会功能上，这无论是对语言问题的研究还是对社会语言学、应用语言学以及语用学等领域都产生了深远影响，也为具体言语行为分析以及外语教学提供了一定的理论指导。本文将对奥斯汀和塞尔的言语行为理论进行具体的介绍与分析并指出其重要意义。
Speech act is a concept to observe the meaning of language from a new angle, so it is of great significance to study it. Austin, as the author of speech act theory, put forward the dichotomism of speech act and the three-dichotomism of speech act, on the basis of which Searle improved and put forward indirect speech act. Their research analyzes the relationship between language and the world from a new perspective, making people focus on language expression form to language use, expression intention and social function, which has a profound impact on the study of language problems as well as on sociolinguistics, applied linguistics and pragmatics. It also provides some theoretical guidance for specific speech act analysis and foreign language teaching. This paper will introduce and analyze Austin and Searle’s speech act theory and point out its significance.