论数据权利的分类分级构建
On the Classification and Classification Construction of Data Rights

数字时代，数据已经逐渐成为了一项重要的资源，而近年来，数据侵权现象频发，由于数据权益在民法典中仅有引证性的规定，现实中出现的案例往往适用《反不正当竞争法》与个人信息保护等相关的法律，因此不能全面、准确地保护数据权益，数据权利的立法已成趋势。数据权利立法可尝试以数据的本质——记载的信息种类为划分依据，利用分类分级的方法，构建个人数据权利、企业数据权利、公共数据权利三大类，核心数据权利、重要数据权利及一般数据权利三等级的权利体系。
In the digital age, data has gradually become an important resource, and in recent years, data infringement has occurred frequently, because data rights and interests are only cited in the Civil Code, and the cases that appear in reality are often applicable to the Anti-Unfair Competition Law and personal information protection and other related laws, so it cannot fully and accurately protect data rights and interests, and the legislation of data rights has become a trend. Data rights legislation can try to divide the essence of data—the type of information recorded as the basis, and use the method of classification and grading to construct three categories of personal data rights, enterprise data rights, and public data rights, and a three-level rights system of core data rights, important data rights, and general data rights.