中学生问题解决能力培养研究进展及趋势——基于CiteSpace计量分析
Research Progress and Trends in the Cultivation of Problem-Solving Abilities among Middle School Students—Based on CiteSpace Quantitative Analysis

问题解决能力是21世纪中学生素养框架中的重要一环，也是教育界普遍关注的话题。本研究借助CiteSpace软件，对CNKI (中国知网)中1993年~2023年，30年间521篇中学生问题解决能力相关文献进行计量分析。运用CiteSpace软件中知识图谱分析、关键词聚类分析、关键词突变分析以及关键词时序分析等功能，探讨了近30年间中学生问题解决能力研究的发展脉络、研究热点以及发展趋势。研究发现：本主题的研究总体上可以划分为“萌芽期”、“成长期”与“爆发期”；本主题的研究有明显的学科差异，大多集中在理科，尤其是数学学科；理论层面的研究热点体现在探寻问题解决能力与元认知、逻辑思维的相关关系上；未来研究将更多与学科素养相结合，在新兴教育技术与教育模式之下培养中学生的问题解决能力。
Problem-solving ability is a crucial component of the literacy framework for middle school students in the 21st century and a topic widely discussed in the education community. This study employs the CiteSpace software to conduct a quantitative analysis of 521 relevant articles on middle school students’ problem-solving abilities from 1993 to 2023, spanning 30 years, retrieved from CNKI (China National Knowledge Internet). By utilizing the functions of CiteSpace, such as knowledge mapping analysis, keyword clustering analysis, keyword burst analysis, and keyword timeline analysis, this study explores the developmental trajectory, research hotspots, and trends in the research on middle school students’ problem-solving abilities over the past 30 years. The findings indicate that the research on this topic can generally be divided into three stages: “the embryonic stage”, “the growth stage” and “the outbreak stage”. The research has significant disciplinary differences, mostly concentrated in science subjects, especially mathematics. The hotspots of theoretical research lie in exploring the correlation between problem-solving ability and metacognition, as well as logical thinking. Future research will increasingly integrate with subject literacy and cultivate middle school students’ problem-solving abilities under emerging educational technologies and models.