第三支柱下中国个人养老金现状及政策建议
The Status Quo and Policy Suggestions of Personal Pension in China under the Third Pillar

我国已经进入人口深度老龄化和快速老龄化时期，但是养老保障的制度建设和养老金储备都还不够完善，发展多支柱养老金体系是必要的应对策略。研究个人养老金制度，探索适合中国国情的个人养老金筹资模式，对应对人口老龄化挑战，实现老有所养目标具有重要实践意义。论文通过文献和个人养老金政策梳理综述，通过问卷调查和实证分析，从居民视角的养老基本情况及观念、个人养老金认知情况、个人养老金参与三方面分析，认为居民积极参与个人养老金，个人养老金参与与个人情况存在差异等结论。并从政府、机构、居民三个角度提出针对性建议，对我国未来个人养老金的发展与居民更好地参与个人养老金制度完善提供政策参考。
Our country has entered the depth of population aging and rapid aging period, but the old-age security system construction and pension reserves are not perfect. The development of multi-pillar pension system is a necessary coping strategy. Exploring an individual pension financing model suitable for China’s national conditions is of great practical significance to cope with the challenge of population aging and achieve the goal of providing for the old. This paper first combs and reviews the literature and individual pension policies, and then draws conclusions through questionnaire survey and empirical analysis. The author makes an empirical analysis from three aspects: the basic situation and concept of pension from the perspective of residents, the cognition of personal pension, and the participation of personal pension. It is concluded that residents actively participate in personal pension, and there are differences between personal pension participation and personal situation and other conclusions. This paper puts forward some targeted suggestions from the perspectives of government, organization and residents, and provides policy reference for the development of individual pension in our country in the future and residents’ better participation in the improvement of individual pension system.