浅析语层结构视角下屠格涅夫《罗亭》中的作者形象
Analyzing the Author’s Image in Turgenev’s “Rudin” from the Perspective of the Discourse Layer Structure

《罗亭》是屠格涅夫第一篇长篇小说，是当时俄罗斯社会的一个缩影，非常具有研究意义。本文试从语层结构视角对屠格涅夫《罗亭》的作者形象进行分析。“作者形象”是著名语文学家维·弗·维诺格拉多夫(Виктор · Владимирович · Виноградов)提出的一个核心概念，给文学研究带来了新方法——通过分析渗透、隐藏在语言之中作者的态度和立场来把握整部作品的灵魂。通过研究作者形象我们能更了解一部作品的核心要义以及作者真正想传达给读者的思想。本文论文由研究背景，理论概念，正文以及结论四部分组成，研究背景部分介绍了“作者形象”理论的由来。理论概念详细解释了“作者形象”理论的含义并说明了“作者形象”可以从作者对笔下人、事的态度观点以及叙述者、讲述人或讲述人们相互关系中人物的全部言语构成的体系中悉知。正文部分通过《罗亭》中的例子加以佐证，从叙述人、人物、作者三个语层深入剖析《罗亭》中的“作者形象”。结论部分对前面章节的总结和概括，总结出《罗亭》的“作者形象”——一个风雨飘摇的陈腐的俄国和处在这个立场下的一群性格、立场、生平、认知水平各异的人们的真实写照。
Rudin, Turgenev’s first novel, is a microcosm of Russian society at that time, which is of great research significance. This article tries to analyze the author’s image of Turgenev’s “Rudin” from the viewpoint of the discourse structure. “Author’s image” is a central concept proposed by the famous Soviet linguist V. V. Vinogradov (Виктор-Владимирович-Виноградов), which brings a new approach to the study of literature, to grasp the soul of the whole work by analyzing the author’s attitudes and positions, which permeate and are hidden in the language. By studying the author’s image we can better understand the core essence of a work and what the author really wants to convey to the readers. This paper consists of four parts: research background, theoretical concept, text and conclusion. The research background part introduces the origin of the “author image” theory. The theoretical concept explains the meaning of the “author image” theory in detail and shows that the “author image” can be known from the author’s attitude toward the people and things described and the whole speech system of the narrator, the narrator or the characters in the relationship between people. The main body part is corroborated by the examples in Rudin, from the narration of people and characters. The author makes an in-depth analysis of the “author image” in Rudin in three linguistic layers. The conclusion summarizes and generalizes the previous chapters, and sums up the “author image” of Rudin, a turbulent and stale Russia and a group of people with different personalities, positions, lives and cognitive levels under this position.