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述情障碍与道德判断：基于MJT的横断研究
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Abstract:
本研究采用述情障碍量表(TAS-20)和道德判断测验(MJT)对初中、高中、大学三个年龄段进行问卷调查。样本共1211人，年龄介于13~23岁之间，其中非述情障碍404人(TAS-20总分 ≤ 51)，高述情障碍511人(TAS-20总分 ≥ 61)。结果发现高述情障碍的道德判断能力在三个年龄段与非述情障碍群体有显著差异。具体表现为：(1) 在前习俗水平的第一和第二阶段，三个年龄段的高述情障碍组的道德情感分均高于非述情障碍组，说明高述情障碍组更关注行为后果，倾向于自利和免于惩罚的行为。(2) 在高中和大学阶段，高述情障碍组的道德认知能力显著低于非述情障碍组。述情障碍严重程度和道德认知能力呈显著负相关，述情障碍程度越高，道德认知能力越低。研究结果表明述情障碍作为一种稳定的情绪障碍，对个体的道德发展带来持续的影响。
The study aims to examine the correlation between alexithymia and moral judgment competence among adolescents. To achieve this, we administered the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and the Moral Judgment Test (MJT). The sample comprised of 1211 adolescents aged 13~23 years. Among them, 404 were classified as non-alexithymia (NA, TAS-20 score ≤ 51) and 511 as high-alexithymia (HA, TAS-20 score ≥ 61) based on critical scoring criteria. We found that the moral judgment competence of HA was significantly different from NA in three age groups. The key findings of the study are as follows: (1) There was a notable disparity between the HA and NA groups in terms of moral affect at the pre-conventional level (comprising stages 1 and 2). HA individuals scored higher on moral affective aspect compared to NA, indicating a greater focus on the immediate consequences of actions. (2) A significant negative correlation was observed between TAS-20 scores and moral cognitive competence. HA individuals consistently showed lower C-scores compared to NA from high school through college. This suggests that alexithymia, as a stable personality trait distributed across adolescence, may impede individuals’ moral development over time.
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