China’s booming background has brought unprecedented development opportunities for Science and Technology-based small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), yet they still need to face the challenges of the complex and changing VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, ambiguity) environment. This paper uses research data from Science and Technology-based SMEs to study the impact of entrepreneurship on organizational resilience of Science and Technology-based SMEs and the moderating role of knowledge inertia based on dynamic capability theory. The results show that: entrepreneurship has a significant positive effect on organizational resilience; knowledge management has a significant mediating role between entrepreneurship and organizational resilience; and knowledge inertia has a significant negative moderating effect on the positive relationship between entrepreneurship and knowledge management and organizational resilience. The study contributes to the understanding of the complex effects of entrepreneurship on organizational resilience in dynamic environments in Science and Technology-based SMEs.
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