指向抽象能力的初中数学问题链教学设计研究——以“合并同类项”为例
Research on the Teaching Design of Problem Chain in Middle School Mathematics Targeting Abstract Ability—Taking “Merging Similar Items” as an Example

新时代的发展对学生能力的要求愈发明显，抽象能力作为数学核心素养之首，研究意义重大。本文首先分析初中抽象能力内涵，得出抽象能力培养对情境、思维和反思的要求，再分析抽象能力的心理学过程四阶段，最后在此基础上通过问题链教学来对初一上学期合并同类项课时进行教学设计，以实现以情境问题孕育课堂起点问题，以学科核心思维为脉络框架，以数学抽象心理学过程四阶段为内核的促进抽象能力的问题链教学。
The development of the new era has increasingly obvious requirements for students’ abilities, and abstract ability, as the top mathematical core literacy, has significant research significance. This article first analyzes the connotation of abstract ability in junior high school, and identifies the requirements for cultivating abstract ability in context, orientation, cognitive emotion, and thinking. Then, it analyzes the four stages of the psychological process of abstract ability. Finally, based on this, it designs teaching methods for merging similar courses in the first semester of junior high school through problem chain teaching, aiming to achieve problem chain teaching that promotes abstract ability by nurturing classroom starting problems with situational problems, using subject core thinking as the framework, and using the four stages of mathematical abstract psychology as the core.