川西北部多波多分量地震勘探采集观测系统关键参数优选技术及应用效果
Key Parameter Optimization Technology and Application Effect of Acquisition Observation System of Multi-Wave and Multi-Component Seismic Exploration in the Northwest of Sichuan

四川盆地致密气资源潜力巨大，是西南油气田积极推进“建设300亿，奋斗500亿”战略目标的重要领域，近年来已进入加快发展新时期。针对致密气藏多期河道叠置、非均质性强、单层厚度薄的地质特点，单一纵波资料面临“砂体刻画精度低、含气预测多解性强”两大难题，横波沿岩石骨架传播，受流体影响较小，多波多分量地震勘探技术在储层成像、岩性和流体识别等方面具有独特优势，成为解决特定地质难题，提高油气勘探精度的物探技术。本文结合理论方法与实际资料处理分析，通过面元、覆盖次数、最大偏移距等采集观测系统关键参数的优选，获得了适合川西北部地区多波多分量采集观测系统方案，实施后获得了高品质的多波地震资料，为后续处理解释工作奠定了基础。
The Sichuan Basin has enormous potential for tight gas resources and is an important area for the Southwest Oil and Gas Field to actively promote the strategic goal of “building 30 billion and striving for 50 billion”. In recent years, it has entered a new era of accelerated development. In response to the geological characteristics of multi-stage river stacking, strong heterogeneity, and thin single-layer thickness in tight gas reservoirs, a single longitudinal wave data faces two major challenges: low accuracy in sand body characterization and strong multi resolution in gas content prediction. Shear waves propagate along the rock skeleton and are less affected by fluids. Multi wave and multi-component seismic exploration technology has unique advantages in reservoir imaging, lithology, and fluid identification, and has become a geophysical exploration technology to solve specific geological problems and improve oil and gas exploration accuracy. This article combines theoretical methods with practical data processing and analysis, and through the optimization of key parameters such as panel elements, coverage times, and maximum offset of the acquisition and observation system, obtains a multi wave and multi component acquisition and observation system scheme suitable for the northwest Sichuan region. After implementation, high-quality multi wave seismic data is obtained, laying a foundation for subsequent processing and interpretation work.