|
|
Modern Management 2024
“撕标签”还是“换标签”：印象管理策略对职场女性刻板印象的影响研究
|
Abstract:
通过社会再范畴和积极区分印象管理策略，可以有效地降低性别刻板印象对职场女性的影响，前一种是为了淡化与女性的关系，而后一种则是凸显女性的正面特质。基于职业性别而实施的印象管理，是当前社会身份印象管理领域的一个重要课题，但却缺乏系统性的研究。因此，本论文以职场女性的视角，依据已有的研究成果，对印象管理策略、职业性别刻板印象与反刻板印象的交互作用进行了系统的文献梳理与归纳，探讨不同策略在不同步企业情境下的效果，为更好地挖掘女性人力资本价值，提升女性群体福利水平提供理论依据。
The influence of gender stereotypes on working women can be effectively reduced through social re-categorization and positive differentiation impression management strategies. The former is to dilute the relationship with women, and the other is to highlight the positive qualities of women. Impression management based on gender occupation is an important topic in the field of impression management of social identity, but it lacks systematic research. Therefore, from the perspective of workplace women and on the basis of existing research results, this paper systematically combs and summarizes the literature on the interaction of impression management strategy, professional gender stereotypes and anti-stereotype, discusses the effect of different strategies in the context of synchronized enterprise, and provides theoretical basis for better mining female human capital value and enhancing the level of female group welfare.
| [1] | Joshi, A., Neely, B., Emrich, C., Griffiths, D. and George, G. (2015) Gender Research in AMJ: An Overview of Five Decades of Empirical Research and Calls to Action: Thematic Issue on Gender in Management Research. Academy of Management Journal, 58, 1459-1475. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2015.4011 |
| [2] | 颜士梅, 颜士之, 张曼. 企业人力资源开发中性别歧视的表现形式——基于内容分析的访谈研究[J]. 管理世界, 2008(11): 110-118. |
| [3] | Little, L.M., Major, V.S., Hinojosa, A.S. and Nelson, D.L. (2015) Professional Image Maintenance: How Women Navigate Pregnancy in the Workplace. Academy of Management Journal, 58, 8-37. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2013.0599 |
| [4] | Roberts, L.M. (2005) Changing Faces: Professional Image Construction in Diverse Organizational Settings. Academy of Management Review, 30, 685-711. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2005.18378873 |
| [5] | Rudman, L.A. and Glick, P. (2001) Prescriptive Gender Stereotypes and Backlash toward Agentic Women. Journal of Social Issues, 57, 743-762. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00239 |
| [6] | Eagly, A.H. and Karau, S.J. (2002) Role Congruity Theory of Prejudice toward Female Leaders. Psychological Review, 109, 573-598. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295x.109.3.573 |
| [7] | Von Baeyer, C.L., Sherk, D.L. and Zanna, M.P. (1981) Impression Management in the Job Interview: When the Female Applicant Meets the Male (Chauvinist) Interviewer. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 7, 45-51. https://doi.org/10.1177/014616728171008 |
| [8] | Berger, J., Cohen, B.P. and Zelditch, M. (1972) Status Characteristics and Social Interaction. American Sociological Review, 37, 241-255. https://doi.org/10.2307/2093465 |
| [9] | Singh, V., Kumra, S. and Vinnicombe, S. (2002) Gender and Impression Management: Playing the Promotion Game. Journal of Business Ethics, 37, 77-89. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1014782118902 |
| [10] | 汪咏国, 谢继红. 防止刻板印象促进人际交往[J]. 吉林省教育学院报, 2009, 25(12): 51-53. |
| [11] | Moloto, G.R.B., Brink, L. and Nel, J.A. (2014) An Exploration of Stereotype Perceptions Amongst Support Staff within a South African Higher Education Institution. SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 12, Article 573. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajhrm.v12i1.573 |
| [12] | Guadagno, R.E. and Cialdini, R.B. (2007) Gender Differences in Impression Management in Organizations: A Qualitative Review. Sex Roles, 56, 483-494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-007-9187-3 |
| [13] | Rudman, L.A. and Phelan, J.E. (2008) Backlash Effects for Disconfirming Gender Stereotypes in Organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 28, 61-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2008.04.003 |
| [14] | 侯东辉, 郝兴昌. 高中生内隐和外显职业性别刻板印象关系[J]. 心理科学, 2009, 32(4): 850-853. |
| [15] | 徐大真. 性别刻板印象之性别效应研究[J]. 心理科学, 2003, 26(4): 741-742. |
| [16] | 杨廙, 胡金生. 内隐种族偏见的干预策略[J]. 心理科学进展, 2013, 21(11): 2064-2072. |
| [17] | Blair, I.V. and Banaji, M.R. (1996) Automatic and Controlled Processes in Stereotype Priming. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 1142-1163. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.6.1142 |
| [18] | 贺国荣. 内隐社会认知: 性别——领导刻板印象的研究[D]: [硕士学位论文]. 广州: 华南师范大学, 2005. |
| [19] | 连淑芳, 杨治良. 抑制对内隐刻板印象的影响研究[J]. 心理科学, 2007, 30(4): 844-846, 829. |
| [20] | 连淑芳. 内隐刻板印象中反刻板印象信息的干预研究[J]. 心理学探新, 2013, 33(6): 525-531. |
