基于临床数据挖掘的中药治疗缺血性脑卒中恢复期的用药分析
Clinical Data Mining-Based Medication Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Ischaemic Stroke in the Recovery Period

目的：利用数据挖掘技术分析恢复期缺血性脑卒中的中医用药规律。方法：收集广西国际壮医医院住院部2019年11月至2023年11月中药治疗恢复期缺血性脑卒中的处方，应用SPSS 23.0关联规则等数据挖掘方法，得到药物频次、药性、药味、归经、功效分析、药物组合、关联规则和聚类分析等，分析治疗恢复期缺血性脑卒中的用药规律。结果：运用Microsoft Excel和SPSS 23.0对筛选出的住院处方进行分析，共纳入有效方剂958首，涉及中药318味，使用频次 ≥ 200次得到治疗恢复期缺血性脑卒中的(高频词药物)为甘草、当归、黄芪、芍药、茯苓、川芎、白术、半夏、红花、桃仁、地龙、陈皮、桂枝、石菖蒲、地黄、牛膝、柴胡、党参、生姜、麦冬共20味等药物。高频药物以补虚药、活血化瘀药居多，药性以温、平、寒为主，药味以甘、辛、苦为主，主要归脾、肺、心、肝经。针对高频药物的关联原则分析共挖掘出16组关联药物组合，其中黄芪–当归、川芎–当归、芍药–当归、芍药–黄芪等药物组合的关联性较强。聚类分析共挖掘出4组药物组合：第一组为红花、桃仁、川芎、地龙、当归、黄芪、芍药、牛膝，第二组为茯苓、白术、甘草、半夏、陈皮、党参、柴胡、石菖蒲，第三组为桂枝、生姜，第四组为地黄、麦冬。结论：在缺血性脑卒中恢复期中，而补气活血、祛瘀通络在治疗上疗效明显，应用广泛。
Objective: To use data mining technology to analyze the Chinese medicine medication pattern of recovery-phase ischemic stroke. Methods: The prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of recovery-phase ischemic stroke in the inpatient department of Guangxi International Zhuang medicine Hospital from November 2019 to November 2023 were collected, and the data mining methods, such as SPSS 23.0 association rules, were applied to obtain the drug frequency, medicinal properties, medicinal flavour, categorization of the medicine, efficacy analysis, drug combinations, association rules, and clustering analysis, etc., and to analyze the law of medication use in the treatment of recovery-phase ischemic stroke. Results: Microsoft Excel and SPSS 23.0 were used to analyze the screened inpatient prescriptions, and 958 effective prescriptions involving 318 flavours of traditional Chinese medicines were included, and the frequency of use ≥200 times to get the high-frequency word medicines for the treatment of recovery-phase ischaemic stroke were licorice, Angelica sinensis, Astragalus, peony, Poria, chuanxiong rhizoma, Atractylodes macrocephala, semicarpalmia, safflower, peach kernel, Dillon and Chenpi, Guizhi, Calamus, Di Huang, Cowslip, Bupleurum, Radix Bupleurum, Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng, Radix et Rhizoma Ginger, Ophiopogon, and a total of 20 other medicines. Most of the high-frequency drugs were deficiency tonic drugs, blood circulation and stasis removing drugs, and their medicinal properties were mainly warm, calm and cold, and their medicinal flavours were mainly sweet, pungent and bitter, which were mainly attributed to the spleen, lung, heart and liver meridians. The association principle analysis for the high-frequency drugs mined a total of 16 groups of associated drug combinations, among which the drug combinations of Astragalus-Angelica sinensis, Rhizoma Ligustici