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免疫检查点抑制剂在肺癌治疗中的潜力与挑战
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Abstract:
肺癌是全球最常见的癌症，其发病率逐渐上升，而且肺癌的5年存活率远低于其他癌症。虽然肺癌的治疗手段多种多样，但是肺癌早期检测困难，高异质性、强耐药性、易转移和复发给肺癌的治疗带来了许多挑战。免疫检查点抑制剂在肿瘤治疗中已得到广泛应用，已经成功应用在临床研究中。本研究对3种常见的免疫检查点，细胞毒性T细胞相关抗原4 (Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4, CTLA-4)，程序性死亡受体1 (Programmed Death-1, PD-1)和程序性死亡受体配体1 (Programmed Death-Ligand 1, PD-L1)在肺癌上研究进行了综述，PD-L1可以作为肺癌治疗过程的潜在生物标志物。本研究通过系统综述这些免疫检查点在肺癌中的作用，帮助明确其在治疗中的有效性和潜力。这不仅为临床医生提供了更全面的治疗策略选择，也为未来的研究方向提供了科学依据。
Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide, its incidence is gradually increasing, and the 5-year survival rate of lung cancer is much lower than that of other cancers. Although there are various treatments for lung cancer, the difficulty of early detection of lung cancer, high heterogeneity, strong drug resistance, and the ease of metastasis and recurrence pose many challenges to the treatment of lung cancer. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been widely used in tumour therapy and have been successfully applied in clinical studies. In this study, we investigated three common immune checkpoints, Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 (CTLA-4), Programmed Death-1 (PD-1), and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) studies on lung cancer were reviewed, and PD-L1 can be used as a potential biomarker for the therapeutic process of lung cancer. This study helps to clarify the effectiveness and potential of these immune checkpoints in therapy by systematically reviewing their role in lung cancer. This not only provides clinicians with a more comprehensive choice of treatment strategies, but also provides a scientific basis for future research directions.
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